Mammography is a specialized X-ray imaging test designed to screen for and diagnose breast abnormalities, particularly early signs of breast cancer, such as lumps or calcifications. During the procedure, the breast is compressed between two plates to capture clear images of the breast tissue, facilitating early detection that can significantly improve treatment outcomes.

It is crucial for women over 40 to undergo regular mammography screenings at least annually. Additionally, women younger than 40 with an increased risk of breast cancer, such as those with a family history, may also be advised to have screenings. This test plays a vital role in monitoring breast health and guiding any necessary further diagnostic steps.