A Transrectal Test typically refers to a medical procedure where an instrument is inserted into the rectum to examine or collect samples from the prostate gland or surrounding tissues. The procedure is done by inserting a small ultrasound probe into the rectum to generate images of the prostate, or to guide a biopsy needle to obtain tissue samples for examination. The test is often administered when a patient has symptoms suggestive of prostate problems, such as difficulty urinating, abnormal results from a digital rectal exam (DRE), or elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. It is also used to diagnose prostate cancer, benign prostate enlargement, or other prostate conditions, and may be performed as part of routine screening in men over 50 or those at higher risk for prostate diseases.